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Monthly Archives: July 2009
【采访】2009年7月17日,杜维明:让中国传统文化走进美国社会
杜维明是美国人文社会科学院院士。长期以来,他致力于研究中国传统文化,被视为当今国际汉学界和当代新儒家的代表人物之一。他主张通过对话来消除文明之间的矛盾和冲突,从而构建和谐社会与和谐世界。近日,《文汇报》记者在哈佛大学对杜维明教授做了专访。 一、现在正是重新开发传统文化资源的时候 文汇报:您一直致力于研究并阐发新儒学。在21世纪,我们究竟怎样看待中国的儒学传统? 答:任何一个源远流长的传统都是复杂的,有精华,有糟粕。伟大的传统都是如此。从“五四”以来,中国知识分子批评儒学的时候,把它的糟粕用放大镜查找出来。儒学糟粕的根基是假三纲、权威主义、小农经济意识和以家族为中心的社会结构,这些糟粕与现代社会都不太相符。可是,儒家作为精神文明,在塑造中国人的人格和中华民族的心灵启迪方面,每个人都受到它的影响,比如做人的道理、人与人之间的关系、人与宇宙乃至人与天下的关系。这些在世界上是少有的。 传统从正面意义来看就是历史的记忆,它是一个积累,也是塑造一个民族认同不可或缺的。假如一个民族丧失了记忆或发生健忘症,认为过去的东西不堪回首,这是切断传统。中华民族源远流长,传统内容非常丰富。中国从商周以来历史的记忆就很强。而现代文化的传统因素则越来越少。现在看来,记忆的忘却使我们的创造性受到影响。以前认为只要切断传统,向西方学习,向现代发展,我们的创造力就出来了。其实不然。在21世纪再回过头来看,如果开放不够,人文领域的创造性就会受影响。如果人文文化的底蕴不够,也会影响科学技术的进步。面对西方的挑战,现在正是我们重新开发传统文化资源的时候。
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2009年7月3日,杜维明 岳黛云:关于现代性的访谈和对话
为了纪念《跨文化对话》创刊十周年,同时也作为下一个十年的开端,北京大学的乐黛 云对哈佛大学的杜维明进行了一次有关现代性及其未来发展的访谈和对话 , 主要围绕 “ 现代 性本身是多元的 ,还是现代性就是现代性 ,只是在不同地区有不同发展 ? ” 也就是说 “ 现代性 是否有其核心价值 ? 只有具备这一核心价值的才能称为现代性 ? 这一核心价值又是什么 ? ” 乐:在《跨文化对话》这本刊物里,讨论得最多的问题之一,就是现代性。我们在南京 会议上也讨论过,但没有一致的结论,仍然存在着疑问:现代性是一个复数概念,可以有多 种不同的现代性呢,还是一个单数概念,只有一个现代性,而可以用不同的方式加以表述? 现代性是一个统一的概念呢,还是它本身就是多元的?现代性有没有质的规定性,有没有它 的核心价值,若有,这个核心价值是什么?是否体现这个核心价值有不同的途径,不同的方 式?另一种说法是现代性本身就是多种多样的,欧洲的现代性与美国的现代性尚且不同,亚 洲的现代性与非洲的现代性就更不同了!我们在南京跟法国人探讨过这个问题,并未得到明 确的结论。我们特别希望在《跨文化对话》这个刊物中能不断深入,真正把“对话”的特色突 显出来。发达国家和发展中国家的“对话”在现代性这个问题上能够怎么展开?是我们目前常 常思考的问题。在这方面,特别想听听你的意见,你考虑得已经很久了。 杜:还是在考虑的过程中。 乐:当然了。我们都是在考虑的过程中,如果有了结论,问题就结束了。好,对这些问 题我准备听你的高见。 现代性讨论的历史回顾 杜:这个问题很好,而且我深有感触。美国人文社会科学院的机关报,叫 Daedalus, 好几年以前,出过一个专号叫《多元现代性》(Multiple modernities),这个现代性是复数, 是多元的。这主要是我和在比较文化学上有影响力的艾森施塔特(Shmuel … Continue reading
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