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Monthly Archives: December 2004
【访谈】2004年12月,《中国文化》,儒学与文化保守主义:杜维明教授访谈(陈壁生)
2004年 11 月 11日笔者在中山大学哲学系访问了美国哈佛大学东亚系终身教授杜维明先生。 陈壁生:如果中国文化确确实实是一个性格独具,结构完整的系统,那么,它那五千年来一以贯之至今仍不可或缺的基本精神或价值拱心石,究竟是什么?或者说,应该是什么?作为新儒家的代表人物,您是怎么看的? 杜维明教授:中国文化基本上是一个性格独具,结构完整的系统。中华民族 的再生,不仅表现在经济上,政治上,也应该表现在文化上。中国传统的文化信 息,必须靠中国社会内部的知识分子,也就是那些能够对中国社会内部进行深刻 反思的知识分子本身,来陈述它的希望,它的期待,和它自己的理念。所以现在 大家谈的就是应该有一种“文化的主体性”,这种文化主体性与原来的所谓“中国 文化本位”是有所不同的,“文化的主体性”不只是一个立场的问题,而是一种自 我意识,费孝通先生就特别强调文化自觉,文化的自我意识。我的建议是这样的,我非常赞同主体性的说法, “主体性”意味着以下几个方面的特点:首先,主体性绝对是开放的,这种开放性意味着不仅是政府,企业、媒体、学术机构各个不同领域都能够参与这种建构的工作;其次,它的民间性比较强,不是从上到下;再 次,它是发展的,是一个动态的发展过程。最后,它一定与传统资源的开发、发展 有密切的关系,不是站在反传统的立场上把外来的价值嫁接进来。因为开放,它向西方学习的力量很强,这种学习建立在把自己文化传统的精华进行吸收,对其中的糟粕进行批判的基础之上。这样建立的主体性可以具有很强的批判性与反思的能力。
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